31. Jan 2017
Cancer-causing formaldehyde in plywood on the way out?
A new research project from Avalon Industries will explore whether biobased 5-HMF can replace the use carcinogenic formaldehyde in the adhesive resins used to make plywood.
A new research project from Avalon Industries will explore whether biobased 5-HMF can replace the use carcinogenic formaldehyde in the adhesive resins used to make plywood.
In conjunction with the Institute for Materials and Wood Technology at the Bern University of Applied Sciences, Swiss-based biochemical company AVALON Industries is launching a research project to replace formaldehyde in phenol-formaldehyde (PF) resins with bio-based, non-toxic platform chemical 5-HMF (5-Hydroxymethylfurfural). Government-sponsored by the Swiss Commission for Technology and Innovation (CTI), the project will build on the positive results in a similar research project, run by AVALON Industries parent company AVA-CO2, to develop non-toxic urea-HMF resins.
The formaldehyde-based resin manufacturing industry has been facing an increasing challenge since formaldehyde was classified as carcinogenic and mutagenic in the 6th adaptation to technical and scientific progress of the CLP (Classification, Labelling and Packaging) EU directive in June 2014. This classification has far-reaching and immediate consequences for a variety of business sectors, especially in the furniture industry.
Formaldehyde is a key material for the chemical industry, serving as the source for many chemical compounds. The EU produces approximately 10 million tonnes per year and 47 million tonnes of formaldehyde are produced worldwide. A large proportion of synthesised formaldehyde is used in the production of glues and impregnating resins for wood-based materials. Adhesive resins are used in the manufacture of particle boards, plywood panels and chipboards, where the furniture industry is one of the main users.
The research project, ‘Development of a formaldehyde-free phenol type adhesive system for the manufacturing of plywood’, aims to come up with a formaldehyde-free, sustainable and non-toxic adhesive for industrial use in the wood-processing industry. The project will also investigate the replacement of phenol with lignin in order to develop 100% bio-based lignin-HMF resins.
“We’re delighted to lead yet another project developing non-toxic resins,” says Thomas Kläusli, Chief Marketing Officer at AVALON Industries. “The aim of this project is to develop a formaldehyde-free, sustainable phenol-HMF adhesive for industrial use in the wood-processing industry. We consider 5-HMF to be the most promising formaldehyde alternative for future resin production. In addition to replacing formaldehyde, we will also be studying the replacement of phenol with lignin in order to achieve a truly 100% bio-based adhesive.”
What is 5-HMF?
5-HMF is a bio-based platform chemical containing both an aldehyde and an alcohol functional group. The special characteristics of 5-HMF offer many applications in different industries. For example, the oxidation of 5-HMF to FDCA (furandicarboxylic acid) forms the basis for the manufacture of PEF (polyethylene furanoate). PEF is a bio-based substitute for petroleum-based PET and can, amongst other applications, be used in the manufacture of bottles for soft drinks or for food packaging. It can also be used in the textile industry or the medical technology sector. 5-HMF has applications in the pharmaceutical industry, as an API (active pharmaceutical ingredient), and also has uses in foodstuffs and in the agrochemical sector.
